What do we call a complete trip around the sun made by the Earth?

The term that refers to a complete trip around the sun made by the Earth is "revolution." In the context of astronomy, a revolution describes the Earth's elliptical path as it journeys around the sun, which takes approximately one year to complete. This movement is fundamental to understanding the seasons and the length of the year, as it is this orbit that leads to variations in sunlight and climate experienced on Earth.

In contrast, the concept of an orbit generally describes the gravitational path one object takes around another, but does not emphasize the completion of a full year. Rotation refers to the spinning of the Earth on its axis, which results in the cycle of day and night, rather than its travel around the sun. The term cycle may imply a repeated process, but it lacks the specificity needed to accurately describe the Earth's journey around the sun. Thus, "revolution" is the most accurate choice to explain this astronomical phenomenon.